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Motion prediction The temporal compression is arranged in short sequence of frames called a group of pictures (GOP). MPEG defines three types of frame within the group: Intraframe or I-frame These are coded spatially, solely from information contained within the frame. Predicted frame or P-frame These are coded from previous I- or P-frame pictures. The decoder uses motion vectors to predict the content from the previous frames. Bidirectional frame or B-frame These pictures use past and future I and P pictures as a reference, effectively interpolating an intermediate picture. I-frames provide reference points for random access to a stream. The number of pictures between I-frames is set by the encoder, and can be varied to suit subject material. The data in a typical P-frame are one-third of that in an I-frame, and B-frames are half that of a P-frame. 90 The Technology of Video and Audio Streaming block slice video group of pictures sequence picture macroblock Y 16 x 16 pixels C 8 x 8 8 x 8 pixels Figure 5.4 MPEG picture hierarchy.

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