158 The Technology of Video and Audio Streaming
158 The Technology of Video and Audio Streaming VCR Videotape Streaming file Workstation PCI bus Video card AVI Video Figure 8.2 Encoder system. compact streaming format. Decompression then takes place in a compatible decoder, or media player, installed in the end-user s computer. The process can be likened to zipping and unzipping a file on a PC. Codecs can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. A symmetric codec usually requires less processing and is more efficient. Streaming media codecs are usually asymmetrical; this means the encoding process requires much more processing than the decoder. Since only one encoder is required, but all the viewers need a decoder, it makes sense to put the complexity in the encoding end. The players usually are downloaded over the Internet, so the executables must be kept to a reasonable size very large downloads are not popular with the public. Ingest station The video capture can be carried out on a separate ingest station ahead of the compression process and the intermediate AVI file stored on a server. These files can be very large so you will need a generous-sized array of disk drives. Also beware of the 2 GByte limit for the file size for the original AVI format.
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