Most video content is edited into a finished
Most video content is edited into a finished program before conversion to a streaming format. The final cut can be dubbed onto videotape to transfer into the streaming encoder, but it is often simpler to transfer the program as a file directly from the editing system to the streaming media processor over a LAN. Video capture Most streaming media content is created in a conventional television format, either direct from a camera or as an edited program on videotape. Live streaming is a special case of encoding and places more exacting demands on the processing hardware. The first step is to convert the television signal as a computer file format, often Audio-Video Interleaved (AVI). In the case of a live event the capture will take place at the venue. With videotape the capture usually will be at the encoding center. It is also possible to ingest files directly from nonlinear editing systems. The first problem you will encounter with video is that there is a large number of different formats that you might want to encode: analog or digital, component or composite. Videotape also comes in many formats, as shown in Table 8.3. This list is by no means exhaustive; there are older analog composite formats (1-inch) and a number of other digital formats (D-1, D-3, D-5, D-9). The source material may even be supplied in a high-definition format like HD-CAM. I haven t mentioned audio-only sources. Again, these can be analog or digital, and delivered on tape, cassette, and mini-disc, or burnt onto a CD-ROM. Video encoding 159 Table 8.3 Tape Formats Tape width Name Color encoding Notes 3/4 inch U-matic Analog Y/C Archive material 1/2 inch VHS Analog Y/C Consumer format S-VHS Analog Y/C Betacam (SP) Analog Y/C Digital Betacam Digital YUV Beta SX Digital YUV 8 mm DV Digital YUV DVC-PRO Digital YUV DVCAM Digital YUV
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