Announcing the content The player usually locates streaming
Announcing the content The player usually locates streaming media by a hyperlink embedded in a web page. This link contains not only the URL for the content, but also the instructions to start the media player. Web links The usual way to announce streaming media files is by a hyperlink in a web page. The link points to a small file on the web server. Windows Media calls this the stream redirector, or ASX. Real uses the RealAudio Metafile or Ram file. Once the browser receives this file, using the MIME type, the metafile is passed to a streaming plug-in. The metafile has the full address and filename for the streaming content. The media player than transmits a request to the specified streaming server for the media file. This may use MMS or RTSP for communication rather than the HTTP used with the web server. If all goes well the correct clip is streamed to the player success. The metafiles can list several files to be played in sequence. SMIL If you are streaming rich media, then a number of different clips and images have to be synchronized for correct playback at the client. One way to do this is to use the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) to write a control file. SMIL is supported by the QuickTime, Real, and Windows Media architectures. Webcasting Webcasting can be live, prerecorded, or a mix of both. A webcast at its simplest can be just a single clip. If you want to play out a sequence of clips you can set up a playlist. Even if you are streaming a presentation, you may want an introductory promotional film, and possibly some follow-up material after the main presentation. The playlist controls the server to play the relevant clips at the specified time. Splitting and relays A streaming server can handle several hundred simultaneous clients. The only real way to establish how many clients would be by conducting load tests. To 218 The Technology of Video and Audio Streaming
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